"How long does it take to receive your SSN once you apply for adjustment of status?"
Based on our experience, most customers receive their SSN after they've received the combo card. At least, that's what we're seeing right now. They usually receive it one to two weeks after they receive their combo card. The combo card looks like a driver's license. That's your authority to work in the United States and also authority to travel outside of the United States.
It's an automatic process. They'll automatically send notification over to the SSA, Social Security Administration. If you don't receive your social security card in a reasonable time, contact your local SSA office. They should be able to direct you to the appropriate authority or office and be able to track that down. If not, they may even be able to just issue a card for you right there.